Secrets of rose propagation - how to grow a flower from cuttings?

Many elite varieties of roses are difficult to get in your own collection in the form of an adult plant or get seeds. To get a healthy and beautiful specimen, you can resort to the propagation of roses by cuttings. The option of growing seedlings from cuttings is versatile and easy to perform, as well as its accessibility. You will read about how to cut the stalk for planting, how to propagate the plant in spring or autumn, how to understand that the cuttings are rooted and need to be sprouted, and why the cuttings grown in water sometimes blacken, as you read in this article.

Cuttings - what is it?

Under the cuttings is meant the part separated from the plant used for further germination. As a rule, a stalk is a stem, less often a branch or leaf of a flower, with the help of which a new bush can be bred. The most suitable for vegetative propagation are young freshly cut shoots. Cuttings is a process of rooting a plant segment, with the further formation of new roots and buds. Even from a branch of small length, subject to all necessary conditions, a new luxurious plant can grow.

Pros of propagation by cuttings:

• Cuttings are great for propagating hard-to-reach plant varieties.
• It does not require a lot of time, rare materials and preparations.
• The variety of methods of rooting the cuttings allows you to choose the most convenient option.
• The relatively rapid appearance of the first roots and buds.
• The plant grown from the cuttings is adapted to environmental conditions and climate.
• It’s quite simple to get a rose stalk: a flower from a bouquet is perfect for rooting.
• Cuttings are the easiest and most common way of propagating roses.
• Suitable for preserving non-frost resistant varieties.

Cons of propagation by cuttings:

• Frequent decay of cuttings.
• A plant grown from cuttings may not inherit the variegated or hybrid properties of the “parent”.
• A variety of Dutch roses, which flower shops are full of, are aimed at forcing flowers and leaves, therefore, it is difficult to achieve breeding: the stalk gives new buds, not roots.
• It is advisable to have several spare processes, since roses are moody in the care and rooting.

Where to buy a seedling?

Rooting a rose stalk is an entertaining process, but more suitable for entertainment and experimentation. Currently, flower shops, private and suburban nurseries, botanical gardens offer a lot of varieties of roses: tea, park, Dutch, bush and peony. Specialized companies are ready to shower florists with various hybrids, which are becoming more and more every year.

Buying an already flowering adult plant is an unjustified risk and inappropriate waste of money. A grown rose, most likely, will not take root in a new place, accustomed to greenhouse conditions. A win-win option is to buy an already rooted rose stalk in a container. A large seedling with its own root system and green mass will cost a resident of Moscow 550 - 700 rubles, depending on the variety. Nurseries of St. Petersburg offer local residents seedlings in the price range from 270 to 380 rubles.

How to save shoots?

Before planting cuttings need the right content. For successful rooting, you need to choose the right plant segments. As a material, cut shoots from rose bushes are suitable. Separate the cuttings after the formation of buds on the bush - this method is called green cuttings. At this point, the plant manages to accumulate a sufficient supply of micronutrients to survive pruning.

There are several proven methods for saving cuttings.:

• The freshness and vitality of the cuttings can provide sphagnum moss, which helps maintain optimal moisture. Shoots wrapped in moss should be stored in the refrigerator at a temperature not exceeding +5 degrees.
• If there is a summer cottage, you can dig a hole with a depth of 20 centimeters. The bottom should be laid with soft cloth and bury the cuttings until spring.
• If you have a limited supply of materials at hand, you can arrange a simple but reliable wintering for roses on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator. The shoots should be wrapped in a slightly damp cloth and placed in a cool dark place until spring.
• If rooting is delayed for several days, the cuttings can be put in warm water with a few drops of Epina.

When using natural moss to preserve cuttings, a preliminary disinfection is necessary. For these purposes, the drug Fitosporin-M is perfect.

What methods can be cut?

There are not many methods for grafting cuttings of roses, but each of them is highly effective. We give the best ways to root roses:

1. In water.
2. In the package.
3. In the potato.
4. In land / river sand.
5. The way of Trannua.
6. Way Burito.

What season to choose to plant a plant?

In the presence of underfloor heating and additional lighting, rose cuttings can be rooted at any time of the year. Fluorescent lamps or phytolamps can achieve results in the propagation of bush flowers, even in autumn and winter. However, it should be remembered that the best time for breeding is late spring and early summer. Nature wakes up, daylight hours increase - seedlings will certainly respond to favorable natural growing conditions.

Best months to breed: May-June, and rooting the green cuttings of roses in the open ground on a personal plot should also be in late spring, early summer. This time of year has an optimum temperature, which allows the soil to warm up sufficiently and prevent seedlings from decaying. The height of summer, on the contrary, will have a bad effect on the rooting of roses. For this season, it is necessary to create cool conditions for the cuttings.

How to root in order to take root?

Rooting roses in the ground is the most effective and common way of root formation. Such a procedure does not require large material costs and unusual materials from the grower. It is enough to take a little time to create a greenhouse for cuttings. The gardener does not have to constantly monitor the temperature and the presence of water, seedlings do not risk rotting, and immediately adapt to suitable conditions. Also, fertilizers can be initially applied to the soil, which will speed up the process.

1. To carry out the initial stage of rooting of the rose cuttings, the grower will need a set of necessary equipment and planting materials:
   • Plastic deep capacity.
   • Pallet (if rooting occurs at home).
   • Priming.
   • Expanded clay.
   • Perlite.
   • Vermiculite.
   • The drug for root formation.
   • Cellophane, cling film or a cut plastic bottle.
2. The soil for rooting cuttings must be aerobic and rich in nutrients. You can buy ready-made soil, enriched with humus, horse manure or humus, or take garden soil from the site. In any case, the finished substrate is recommended to be mixed with perlite and vermiculite, to increase the looseness and air permeability of the soil. The total ratio of baking powder should not exceed 40 percent of the total mass of land.

   Before landing, it is necessary to disinfect the ground. To do this, shed it with a weak solution of potassium permanganate and boiling water. The soil for roses should be slightly acidic not exceeding 6, 0-5.6 pH.

   Reference! A neutral value is 7 pH. The increase in acidity is promoted by the addition of horse manure and peat to the ground, to reduce - ash and lime.
3. Before planting, the tops of the cuttings should be dipped in molten wax or paraffin, and then in cold water. This procedure is necessary to excise the growth point. Otherwise, the strength of the seedling will go to the release of new buds, and not for the formation of roots.

   Slices of the cuttings must be treated with a preparation for root formation. How much to keep the root of a plant in it is written in the instructions of each drug. The best means for rooting will be Clonex or its analogues made in the USA. Due to the gel consistency, Klonex not only stimulates the active formation of roots, but also protects the sprout from pathogenic bacteria.

4. At the bottom of a previously prepared container, it is necessary to pour expanded clay in 5 centimeters, and then fill the pot with soil. The soil should be slightly moistened with warm water and make small holes in which the cuttings are stuck.
5. The pot with cuttings can be covered with polyethylene or a large plastic container to create a greenhouse effect. An impromptu greenhouse will serve to maintain an optimal moisture balance. The container with cuttings must be kept warm at an air temperature of +25 and protected from night frosts. When rooting in open ground at night, the cuttings can be covered with a dense blanket.

Roses are demanding of environmental conditions, including temperature changes. In climatic conditions of the middle strip, in order to avoid premature death of seedlings, rooting of cuttings is best done at home with subsequent planting in open ground.

Cuttings must be aired twice a day for 30 minutesremoving excess condensate. The soil should be moist all the time, BUT not thoroughly wet - in the pan, in no case should the water stagnate.

How to understand that it has taken?

The first green bud on the handle is a sure sign that the sprout is rooted. After this, you can remove the greenhouse and allow the seedling to develop as an adult plant.

What to do and how to germinate if the shoot gives leaves, but there are no roots?

A similar phenomenon, as a rule, happens if the rooting of the cuttings occurs in water. There is nothing to take from the nutrients for the formation of the root system. Also water contributes to the decay of the appendage. If the stem, standing in the water, actively releases new leaves, it should be cut into segments so that in each section there are 4 buds. Under the two lower kidneys, an incision should be made obliquely, and the root should be rooted in the ground.

Further care

So, planted cuttings gave leaflets, what to do next until spring?

After the formation of the first true leaves, the cuttings should be given time to strengthen and build up a powerful root system. Saplings should be gradually accustomed to direct sunlight and open air. Through watering, plants should make mineral and organic fertilizers. Daylight hours for growing roses should be at least 14 hours. Young seedlings should be protected from drafts and frosts.

Before transplanting into open ground, seedlings should be gradually prepared for night temperature drops, periodically leaving them on the street.

Common breeding problems and mistakes

Why are cuttings sometimes blackening and dying?

Blackening, lethargy, drying of the seedling signal its death. In addition to natural selection, obviously weak or sick cuttings, there are a number of errors that impede the successful development of the plant.

• Wrong container. Choosing too large a pot will lead to overflow of the cuttings, which provokes decay.
• Contaminated soil. Even high-quality purchased soil may contain pests or mold spores, fungi. Any soil MANDATORY must be decontaminated before starting planting work.
• Food containers. Any containers made from milk, kefir, mayonnaise, yogurt should be thoroughly washed and boiled before planting. Residues of fermented milk products are not the most suitable fertilizer for rooting cuttings. Only purchased pots or bottles of drinking water can be considered safe.
• Greenhouse removed too early. Often, rose cuttings produce new leaves before the roots are formed. Digging up the ground is not worth it. It is enough to wait a couple of weeks after the appearance of the leaves, gradually accustoming the seedlings to the open air.
• Too low or too high air and soil temperature. The optimum temperature can be considered +23 +25 degrees. It is not worthwhile to depart from this norm.
• Bay or overflow. The earth should always be slightly moist, but not wet. In a pot with cuttings you can stick a wooden stick, which is easy to determine the moisture content of the soil.
• Pests and diseases. Like any other plant, rose seedlings are susceptible to diseases and parasites. It is impossible to create sterile conditions, but spraying the cuttings once every two weeks with fungicides is quite appropriate.

We suggest you watch a video about possible errors during reproduction:

Rooting cuttings of roses is a rather painstaking processrequiring patience and attention to the plant. However, grafting shows good results and is a fairly common method of propagating roses. With the observance of simple technology, anyone can grow an adult flowering plant from a small shoot.

Useful video

We offer you to watch a video about the cuttings of roses:

Watch the video: Easy way to grow rose from cutting, How to grow rose plant from cutting with English subtitles (November 2024).