Varieties of thrips: western flower California, wheat and others. Description and habitats of pests

Thrips are the most dangerous pests of vegetable, fruit and ornamental crops. They suck juice from flowers, leaves and fruits, are carriers of viral diseases, causing the death of plants.

Thrips begin their activity on only one plant from the general group, so it is difficult to detect the first foci of their appearance. Further in the article, different types of thrips are described and their photos are presented.

General description, varieties, photos

Thrips - a detachment of insects, are small in size and have an elongated body. Varieties have some differences, they can be seen in the photo below.

Earlier sources refer to:

• bubbly;
• colloid
• fringed winged.

Distribution area - all continents.

To date, biologists have studied 6091 species, 153 of which are fossils. Species are combined into more than a hundred genera. On the territory of the former USSR, more than 300 species were recorded.

Thrips body length not more than 2 mm. The oral apparatus belongs to the piercing-sucking type. There is a suction device on the legs.

With development, the stages are:

• egg;
• larva;
• pronimfa;
• nymph;
• imago.

Some species for the season give several generations.

Thrips mainly feed on the juice of plants, but there are species that feed on the juice of other small insects. Their aircraft is poorly developed, they are re-flashing from one plant to another, located at close range.

reference! Thrips are easily transferred from the affected plant to healthy ones growing nearby, therefore all plants in the vicinity are subject to insect treatment.

Omnivorous

The insect is dark brown in color, the length of an adult reaches 0.13 cm. It is a dangerous pest of vegetable, fruit, berry and ornamental crops. Parasitic in the countries of Europe, Asia, Africa. It feeds on plant and animal residues. Its development begins in inflorescences, buds, an emerging ovary. Most often affects plants growing in closed ground.

It hibernates in the plant debris of harvested weeds and on uncut soil. Pests multiply very quickly, the female lays a hundred eggs, turning into larvae during the week. Light spots appear on the leaves, the leaves curl, lose turgor and die. In the absence of necessary measures, infection leads to the death of plants.

Western California Floral

The species of thrips belonging to the genus Frankliniel lives everywhere, preferring greenhouse conditions. The length of the insect is 1 mm. Females lay eggs 13-15 times per season, laying 300 eggs each. Parasitizes on more than 500 species of plants:

• pink families;
• liliaceous;
• Compositae;
• legumes;
• nightshade and other species.

It harms vegetable, fruit, berry crops. It is a carrier of fruit bronze viruses. Affected leaves become covered with yellow necrotic areas, dry and fall, the fruits are deformed. Pest reduces yield:

1. pepper;
2. cucumbers
3. Luke;
4. grapes.

To combat this type of thrips, quarantine is introduced. Winters in wild plants such as burdock, mallow, dope.

Learn more about Western California thrips in this helpful video:

Wheat

Is harmful:

• winter and spring wheat;
• winter rye;
• barley;
• corn;
• oats;
• buckwheat;
• cotton.

The length of the thrips is 0.12-0.2 cm, the color is black-brown, the front legs are yellow. Life expectancy is 35-40 days. The development for the season is incomplete, the larvae winter. One generation develops per season. Females are born 2-3 times more than males. Egg laying consists of 22-28 pieces. On each spike lives up to 30 parasites.

Peak propagation of wheat thrips is manifested in dry periods. The invasion of insects coincides with the beginning of wheat heading. Carried to wheat fields by air. Damage is caused by larvae and adults.

Thrips damage the scales of the ear and suck out the juice, causing whiteness, hollowness, brittleness and death of the ear. Mature individuals are concentrated in the area of ​​the penultimate leaf - the most tender part of the spike wrapper. Larvae hibernate in soil and under plant debris; when the upper soil layer is warmed up in spring to 10 degrees, they wake up.

Tobacco

It affects more than 100 species of ornamental and cultivated plants. It lives in the southern and central strip of Russia, in the northern regions it lives in greenhouses and flower greenhouses. It damages tobacco, seedlings of cucumbers, cabbage, onions, gives preference to umbrella and nightshade crops.

Larvae are most harmful when sucking juice from the tissues of leaves and fruits. Yellow spots with black dots appear on the leaves. The leaf becomes brown and dries, the plant lags behind in development, and productivity decreases.

The body color of the female changes from light yellow to brown, length up to 0.1 cm, males are smaller than females and lighter. In structure, they differ from other species by the presence of three lateral setae on each side of the tergite. Wings and forepaws have a yellowish tint. The development for the season is incomplete; adults overwinter. Females lay 3-4 eggs per day.

• In the open ground, insects winter on the surface under plant debris.
• In vegetable storages they hide in the scales of onions grown on herbs and cause it to rot when stored.
• In spring they move to seedlings, in the fields - to tobacco.
• Appear in greenhouses at the end of May, its greatest number is observed from June to August, in September they go for wintering.

Tobacco thrips contribute to the spread of the mosaic virus of cucumbers and tomatoes.

Onion

Tobacco and onion thrips are one and the same pest. The insect hibernates in storages of onions, in its scales. The bulbs wrinkle under the scales, acquire a silver-brown color, and the process of decay begins. Microclimate storage of onions favors the propagation of thrips throughout the winter. With the onset of spring, pests move to the fields, in June they attack:

• tobacco;
• cucumbers
• watermelons.

It is difficult to completely overcome the pest.

Rosanny

Thrips on roses are black insects with a length of 2-3 mm. Parasitize between rose petals and inside buds. Active breeding begins in arid, hot weather. Parasites penetrate the tissues of leaves and petals, suck out the juice from them. Colorless spots appear on the rose petals, over time they darken. The buds open damaged. A thripsy rose becomes susceptible to various diseases and pests.

It is difficult to deal with pink thrips, as parasites lay eggs under the skin of a flower, where fungicide solutions do not reach them. Larvae hiding in the soil under a rose bushbecoming unavailable for processing. The treatment of the bush begins during the period of active life of insects, when they move around the plant and drink juice from it.

Larvae hibernate under fallen leaves and petals. In spring, they climb weeds, eat there until buds appear on roses, then go on to rose bushes. To protect roses from insects, it is recommended to collect and burn foliage under the bushes in the autumn and destroy weeds around the flowers.

Attention! It is recommended to irrigate rose bushes with plenty of water so that thrips are washed off from leaves and flowers. To create a protective film on roses, you need to spray them with a solution of laundry soap.

Dracenic

This pest parasitizes on the leaves of numerous species of ornamental plants:

• ficuses;
• dracaena;
• yuccas;
• palm trees;
• hibiscus
• tradescantia;
• Anthuriums and many others.

Its natural habitat is tropical and subtropical countries. In the northern regions it is found on plants grown in greenhouses and greenhouses. Adult individuals reach a body length of 0.12 cm. Females are yellow-brown in color, the color of the male is slightly lighter. The male is smaller than the female in size. Larvae are white.

In greenhouses, pests are difficult to control, since thrips living on ornamental crops have a persistent adaptation to insecticides. Their numbers can only be restrained.

Important! Thrips actively reproduce in hot, dry weather. To protect against pests, it is necessary to maintain high air humidity in greenhouses and greenhouses.

Decorative

Almost all types of ornamental plantings are damaged by insects:

• orchids
• chrysanthemums;
• crotons;
• begonias;
• petunias;
• Coleus
• daffodils;
• tulips;
• cyclamens;
• many other flowers grown in greenhouses.

Female pests are larger than males, grow to 1.6 mm. The body color of the females changes from yellow to dark brown; the male is lighter than the female. Insects parasitize on the outside of the leaves and petals, concentrating along the veins. They feed on juice by piercing floral fabrics.

In places of bites, small silver dots appear, gradually turning into large spots. Leaves dry out over time. A special treat for parasites is young leaflets. Females lay eggs in the pulp of leaves. Pests easily fly from one plant to another.

reference! Thrips multiply very quickly. At room temperature, their numbers increase by 2 times over 5 days.

Decorative thrips, unlike other species, are more susceptible to insecticides. In the fight against them, the infusion of hot pepper pods helps well.

Thrips are particularly resistant pests. They developed immunity to insecticides. Eating the juice of fruit and vegetable crops, they damage the crop. In addition, thrips are carriers of plant infectious diseases.

Watch the video: Scouting for Thrips in Texas High Plains Cotton 2016 (December 2024).